Module Objective: To address psychological models of tinnitus and how they can explain the burden of tinnitus. The different management protocols derived from such models will be discussed, with special emphasis on CBT-based therapies.

Module Content: Pathways of central tinnitus, the psychological effects of tinnitus and different models to explain them, including Hallam's habituation model, the neuro-physiological model and the cognitive behavioral model. The evidence-base of CBT-based therapies will be a focus.

Learning Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, students should be able to:

• Integrate and evaluate different theories related to the generation and establishment of tinnitus within the central auditory pathway.
• Critically examine the burden of tinnitus on the individual and their families.
• Explore and evaluate the main theories explaining the psychological effects of tinnitus.
• Demonstrate an understanding of the cognitive, social and educational challenges in tinnitus management and the evidence-base of different psychological protocols.
• Critically evaluate the principles of CBT and mindfulness, and their application to tinnitus management.